Is Makkah the Centre of the Earth?

A claim has long circulated across various social media platforms in multiple languages suggesting that airplanes cannot fly over the Kaaba in Makkah because it lies at the centre of the Earth and gravity. While such assertions have become widespread over the years, professional fact-checking agencies—such as AFP Fact Check—have confirmed that these statements are not supported by scientific evidence.

Why Planes Do Not Fly Over the Kaaba

There has been frequent speculation surrounding the airspace restrictions over Masjid al-Haram in Makkah. Some narratives attribute this to the presence of a magnetic field or atmospheric disturbance that allegedly prevents aircraft from flying overhead.

However, Hassan Al-Ghamdi, a Saudi aviation expert, clarified the matter in a detailed public video. He explained that:

• • There is no scientific evidence supporting the presence of magnetic fields or air voids above Makkah that would obstruct flight.

• • The real reason for the restriction is that Makkah is a mountainous region, and thus closer in elevation to low-flying aircraft, potentially causing disturbance to those engaged in worship or pilgrimage.

• • The airspace above the Kaaba is restricted for religious and privacy reasons, similar to how entry into Makkah itself is reserved for Muslims only. This restriction applies both on land and in the air.

It is also worth noting that Makkah has no commercial airport. Pilgrims arrive through King Abdulaziz International Airport in Jeddah or Prince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz Airport in Madinah.

The Kaaba in the Qur’an

In the Qur’an, the Kaaba is described as “the first House [of worship] established for mankind”—built by Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) and his son Isma’il (peace be upon them) as a centre for monotheistic devotion to Allah.

While the Qur’an honours the Kaaba as the spiritual centre of Islam, no verse attributes any unique gravitational or magnetic features to it. Thus, such claims found in viral posts have no textual or scientific basis.

Scientific Clarification

Modern physics clearly distinguishes between gravity and magnetism—two entirely separate phenomena:

• • Gravity is the attractive force exerted by objects with mass, such as the Earth pulling objects toward its centre.

• • Magnetism results from moving electric charges or magnetised materials and has no effect on air travel over religious sites.

There is no scientific anomaly above Makkah that prevents flight. The no-fly zone is, instead, a matter of regulation, respect, and sacred preservation.

Does the Kaaba Align with the Golden Ratio?

While the Kaaba may not be the physical centre of the Earth’s surface, this does not negate its miraculous or significant placement. One fascinating claim that continues to draw interest is that the location of the Kaaba aligns with the “Golden Ratio”—a mathematical constant known for its appearance in natural patterns, ancient architecture, and art.

The Golden Ratio, represented by the Greek letter phi (φ), is approximately 1.618. It arises when a line is divided such that the ratio of the whole line to the larger part equals the ratio of the larger part to the smaller:

a/b = (a+b)/a ≈ 1.6180339887…

This ratio is found throughout historic architectural marvels such as the Great Pyramid of Giza and the Parthenon in Athens. Renaissance artists like Leonardo da Vinci applied the ratio in works like the Mona Lisa, and it is a key component in the famous Fibonacci sequence, in which ratios of successive numbers converge toward phi.

The Kaaba and the Golden Ratio in Global Mapping

Muslim scholars and researchers have proposed that Makkah, and specifically the Kaaba, uniquely satisfies the Golden Ratio when measured on a global scale.

According to a Sky News Arabia analysis using Google Earth, the following distances were calculated:

• • Distance from the Kaaba to the South Pole: 12,361.17 km

• • Distance from the Kaaba to the North Pole: 7,639.50 km

When the first value is divided by the second, the result is 1.618—an exact match for the Golden Ratio.

Further, when examining flat map projections, analysts found that:

• • A horizontal division of the Earth by the Golden Ratio intersects precisely with Makkah.

• • A vertical division following the same ratio also intersects at the same location, making Makkah the only known geographical point where both horizontal and vertical Golden Ratio lines converge.

This positioning cannot be replicated by any other location on Earth using the same calculations.

Conclusion

While the claim that Makkah is the “gravitational centre of the Earth” is scientifically unfounded, the city’s geographical harmony with the Golden Ratio is a compelling observation—inviting reflection, not sensationalism.

The sanctity of the Kaaba does not rest on magnetic myths, but on divine designation. It was built by Prophets, preserved by generations of believers, and placed in a location that continues to reveal layers of wisdom and wonder—both spiritual and mathematical.

Whether viewed through the lens of revelation or reason, the Kaaba remains the central symbol of Tawheed, and Makkah the beating heart of the Muslim world.

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